What document outlines the rights of individuals during police encounters?

The correct choice, which is the Miranda warning, is crucial in establishing the rights of individuals during police encounters, particularly when they are in custody and subject to interrogation. The Miranda warning serves to inform suspects of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney. This is a legal requirement stemming from the Supreme Court's decision in Miranda v. Arizona (1966) and is aimed at protecting an individual's Fifth Amendment rights against self-incrimination.

While the Criminal Justice Act, the Bill of Rights, and the Patriot Act each contain important legal provisions pertaining to various aspects of law and enforcement, they do not specifically focus on articulating the rights of individuals during police encounters in the same direct manner as the Miranda warning. The Bill of Rights, for instance, encompasses a broad range of civil liberties, but it is the Miranda warning that expressly addresses the context of police questioning and interrogation, ensuring that individuals are made aware of their rights at a critical moment in the justice process.